"Contemporary Indians", says G.N. Devy, "seem to be afflicted by a sense of amnesia in relation to literary history." The affliction is more severe, he feels, in the sphere of literary criticism, not only because older texts are generally unavailable, but also because modern India has lost touch with both the language and the ethos of the critical texts of ancient and medieval India.
Students of Indian literature need to have access to India's critical tradition. This volume takes a step towards providing it and giving teachers, students and scholars-in-the-making easy access to some of the key concepts and ideas in the Indian tradition of literary theorizing. In doing so it brings together in one volume some of the most significant literary thinkers in the Indian tradition of the last two millennia.
About the Author:
G.N. Devy (b. 1950) was educated at Shivaji University, Kolhapur and the University of Leeds, UK. Among his many academic assignments, he has held fellowships at Leeds and yale Universities and has been a Jawaharlal Nehru Fellow (1994-96). He was Professor of English at Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (1992-96).
His After Amnesia - Tradition and Change in Indian Literary Criticism (Orient Longman 1992/1995) was given the sahitya Akademi Award for 1993.
G.N. Devy is at present Chairman of the Bhasha Research and Publication Centre, Baroda, as well as Director of the Tribal Training Academy at Tejgadh in Gujarat. He was given the SAARC Writers Foundation Award 2001 for his contribution to Indian criticism.
| Preface | xi |
|
Part I: Theory | |
| HARATAMUNI On Natya and Rasa: Aesthetics of Dramatic Experience From the Natyasastra (3rd century or older) Translated from Sanskrit by G.K. Bhatt | 3 |
| THOLKAPPIYAR On Diction and Syntax From the Tholkappiyam (4th century or older) Translated from Tamil by S. Ilakkuvanar | 15 |
| BHARTRHARI On Syntax and Meaning From the Vakyapadiya (5th century) Translated from Sanskrit by K. Raghavan Pillai | 19 |
| DANDIN Sarga-bandha: Epic Poetry From the Kavyadarsa (7th Century) Translated from sanskrit by V.V. Sastrulu | 26 |
| ANANDAVARDHANA Dhvani: Structure of Poetic Meaning From the Dhvanyaloka (9th century) Translated from Sanskrit by K. Krishnamoorthy | 31 |
| DHANANJAYA Definitions and Descriptions in Drama From the Dasarupa (10th Century) Translated from Sanskrit by George G.O. Hass | 41 |
| KUNTAKA Language of Poetry and Metaphor From the Vakrokti-Jivita (Late 10th Century) Translated from sanskrit by K. Krishnamoorthy | 46 |
| ABHINAVAGUPTA On Santarasa: Aesthetic Equipoise Translated from Sanskrit by J.L. Masson & M.V. Patwardhan | 61 |
| JNANESVARA Invocations From the Bhavarthadipika (1290) Translated from Marathi by R.K. Bhagwat | 74 |
| AMIR KHUSRAU Multilingual Literary Culture From the Nuh Siphir (1318) Translated from Persian by R. Nath & Faiyaz 'Gwaliari' | 92 |
| RUPA GOSWAMI The Bhaktirasa From the Bhaktirasamrtasindhuh (Early 16th Century) Translated from sanskrit by Tridandi Swami Bhakti Hrdaya Bon Maharaja | 96 |
| KESHAVADASA Kinds of Poetry & Defects of Poetry From the Rasikapriya (Early 17th Century) Translated from Hindi by K.P. Bahadur | 100 |
| AL-BADAONI Excerpts from the Tawarikh From Muntakhabu-'t-Tawarikh (1595) Translated from Persian by Wolseley Haig | 108 |
| MIRZA ASADULLAH KHAN GHALIB Poetry as Freedom Excerpts from Letters (19th Century) translated from Urdu by Sardar Jafri & Qurratulain Hyder | 134 |
| RABINDRANATH TAGORE What is Art? (1917) | 137 |
| SRI AUROBINDO The Sources of Poetry (1897) The Essence of Poetry (1919) | 153 |
| BALKRISHNA SITARAM MARDHEKAR Poetry and Aesthetic Theory (1954) | 164 |
| KRISHNA RAYAN What is Literariness? (1991) | 177 |
| SURESH JOSHI On Interpretation From Chintayami Manasa Translated from Gujarati by Upendrananavati | 184 |
| BHALCHANDRA NEMADE The Marathi Novel 1950-1975 (1981) Translated from Marathi by G.N. Devy | 192 |
| GAYATRI CHAKRAVORTY SPIVAK A Literary Representation of the Subaltern: Mahasweta Devi's Stanadayini (1987) | 220 |
| AIJAZ AHMAD Orientalism and After: Ambivalence & Cosmopolitan Location in the Work of Edward Said (1992) | 259 |
|
Part II: Interpretation | |
| K. KRISHNAMOORTHY Sanskrit Poetics: An Overview | 317 |
| M. HIRIYANNA The Number of Rasas | 343 |
| A.K. RAMANUJAN On Ancient Tamil Poetics | 346 |
| BIMAL KRISHNA MATILAL Bhartrhari's View of Sphota | 375 |
| R.B. PATANKAR Aesthetics: Some Important Problems | 389 |
| SUDHIR KAKAR Cults and Myths of Krishna | 417 |
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"Contemporary Indians", says G.N. Devy, "seem to be afflicted by a sense of amnesia in relation to literary history." The affliction is more severe, he feels, in the sphere of literary criticism, not only because older texts are generally unavailable, but also because modern India has lost touch with both the language and the ethos of the critical texts of ancient and medieval India.
Students of Indian literature need to have access to India's critical tradition. This volume takes a step towards providing it and giving teachers, students and scholars-in-the-making easy access to some of the key concepts and ideas in the Indian tradition of literary theorizing. In doing so it brings together in one volume some of the most significant literary thinkers in the Indian tradition of the last two millennia.
About the Author:
G.N. Devy (b. 1950) was educated at Shivaji University, Kolhapur and the University of Leeds, UK. Among his many academic assignments, he has held fellowships at Leeds and yale Universities and has been a Jawaharlal Nehru Fellow (1994-96). He was Professor of English at Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (1992-96).
His After Amnesia - Tradition and Change in Indian Literary Criticism (Orient Longman 1992/1995) was given the sahitya Akademi Award for 1993.
G.N. Devy is at present Chairman of the Bhasha Research and Publication Centre, Baroda, as well as Director of the Tribal Training Academy at Tejgadh in Gujarat. He was given the SAARC Writers Foundation Award 2001 for his contribution to Indian criticism.
| Preface | xi |
|
Part I: Theory | |
| HARATAMUNI On Natya and Rasa: Aesthetics of Dramatic Experience From the Natyasastra (3rd century or older) Translated from Sanskrit by G.K. Bhatt | 3 |
| THOLKAPPIYAR On Diction and Syntax From the Tholkappiyam (4th century or older) Translated from Tamil by S. Ilakkuvanar | 15 |
| BHARTRHARI On Syntax and Meaning From the Vakyapadiya (5th century) Translated from Sanskrit by K. Raghavan Pillai | 19 |
| DANDIN Sarga-bandha: Epic Poetry From the Kavyadarsa (7th Century) Translated from sanskrit by V.V. Sastrulu | 26 |
| ANANDAVARDHANA Dhvani: Structure of Poetic Meaning From the Dhvanyaloka (9th century) Translated from Sanskrit by K. Krishnamoorthy | 31 |
| DHANANJAYA Definitions and Descriptions in Drama From the Dasarupa (10th Century) Translated from Sanskrit by George G.O. Hass | 41 |
| KUNTAKA Language of Poetry and Metaphor From the Vakrokti-Jivita (Late 10th Century) Translated from sanskrit by K. Krishnamoorthy | 46 |
| ABHINAVAGUPTA On Santarasa: Aesthetic Equipoise Translated from Sanskrit by J.L. Masson & M.V. Patwardhan | 61 |
| JNANESVARA Invocations From the Bhavarthadipika (1290) Translated from Marathi by R.K. Bhagwat | 74 |
| AMIR KHUSRAU Multilingual Literary Culture From the Nuh Siphir (1318) Translated from Persian by R. Nath & Faiyaz 'Gwaliari' | 92 |
| RUPA GOSWAMI The Bhaktirasa From the Bhaktirasamrtasindhuh (Early 16th Century) Translated from sanskrit by Tridandi Swami Bhakti Hrdaya Bon Maharaja | 96 |
| KESHAVADASA Kinds of Poetry & Defects of Poetry From the Rasikapriya (Early 17th Century) Translated from Hindi by K.P. Bahadur | 100 |
| AL-BADAONI Excerpts from the Tawarikh From Muntakhabu-'t-Tawarikh (1595) Translated from Persian by Wolseley Haig | 108 |
| MIRZA ASADULLAH KHAN GHALIB Poetry as Freedom Excerpts from Letters (19th Century) translated from Urdu by Sardar Jafri & Qurratulain Hyder | 134 |
| RABINDRANATH TAGORE What is Art? (1917) | 137 |
| SRI AUROBINDO The Sources of Poetry (1897) The Essence of Poetry (1919) | 153 |
| BALKRISHNA SITARAM MARDHEKAR Poetry and Aesthetic Theory (1954) | 164 |
| KRISHNA RAYAN What is Literariness? (1991) | 177 |
| SURESH JOSHI On Interpretation From Chintayami Manasa Translated from Gujarati by Upendrananavati | 184 |
| BHALCHANDRA NEMADE The Marathi Novel 1950-1975 (1981) Translated from Marathi by G.N. Devy | 192 |
| GAYATRI CHAKRAVORTY SPIVAK A Literary Representation of the Subaltern: Mahasweta Devi's Stanadayini (1987) | 220 |
| AIJAZ AHMAD Orientalism and After: Ambivalence & Cosmopolitan Location in the Work of Edward Said (1992) | 259 |
|
Part II: Interpretation | |
| K. KRISHNAMOORTHY Sanskrit Poetics: An Overview | 317 |
| M. HIRIYANNA The Number of Rasas | 343 |
| A.K. RAMANUJAN On Ancient Tamil Poetics | 346 |
| BIMAL KRISHNA MATILAL Bhartrhari's View of Sphota | 375 |
| R.B. PATANKAR Aesthetics: Some Important Problems | 389 |
| SUDHIR KAKAR Cults and Myths of Krishna | 417 |
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